Gholamhossein Nami

Audio of the Entire Interview

Interview Transcript

Part 01


Back in the days when I was a sixth grader at primary school

I remember I used to have this abundance of love for drawing

The thing is to this day I have still got no idea why I loved it that passionately really

The thing is to this day I have still got no idea why I loved it that passionately really
I guess maybe it has all got something genetic to it like an innate tendency or something

I guess maybe it has all got something genetic to it like an innate tendency or something

I remember those days I would go for black Conte pencils

and a particular brand of papers back then called ” The Elephant” papers.

I would draw portraits on them, people, neighbors, relatives, you name it

I would even ask for their photos and use them to draw their portraits with

Anyways, my point is that I started practicing it myself first
as the result of that childhood passion I felt for it

Naturally, the encouragement I received from my parents
and of course all those relatives and friends whose portraits I drew

all played this huge role into finally convincing me to choose painting as my career path.

I never forget the ninth grade, which is called the third grade of high school today.

I never forget it, because I drew a portrait of Dr. Mohammed Mosadegh rest in peace

who was all people’s and of course my favorite national hero and figure at the time.

I used to study at Hakim Nezami high school in Qom,
and our English teacher back then was Dr. Beheshti R.I.P,

who used to know my father very well and apparently had heard of the portrait from him

Anyways, one day he asked me right in the middle of class to bring him the portrait
I had drawn over with me the next day

so he could see it. So the next day, I rolled the portrait up and took it with me to school

When he saw it, he actually got so impressed and loved it so much

that had it framed and put it up on the wall in the school’s main communal hall

I was so delighted and proud all at the same time to
have my first official portrait put up on the high school’s main hall!

After that, we actually started throwing art exhibits at our school

asking all the enthusiastic students to present their works and participate in them.
There were some of my works presented there too of course.

I think it was more than sixty years ago now and at that time art exhibits did not even exist

especially in a city like Qom, but we managed to do it

It went on for about twenty days and we even got people coming over to pay visits.

I guess all this served as the ultimate reason for me to pick up art career in the end

I mean all of them definitely played their roles in it happening.

I was a high school senior when I heard about
Tehran University’s school of fine arts for the first time

I was a high school senior when I heard about
Tehran University’s school of fine arts for the first time
and from then on I had nothing but one goal in life

and from then on I had nothing but one goal in life

to study as much as I could to get myself accepted there at that school

which fortunately I finally did

Tehran university school of fine arts had three separate art studios back then

and each were attended by a different instructor

One was Mr.Heydarian’s, the second was Mr.Jadav Hamidi’s
and the last one was Mrs.Behjat Sadr’s R.I.P.

I was a member in Mr.Heydarian’s and his assistant Mr.Mahmoud Javadipour’s art studio

Our curriculum was based on Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris established
in 1319 by a French man named Godar in Iran

Well the curriculum was indeed based on Beaux in Paris

but the only technique the students were allowed to go for was Realism

and all students would not even dare venture out doing anything else!

But I definitely understand and absolutely know how invaluable it was now

I mean, being challenged by art masters like Mr.Heydarian or Mr.Javadipour

all of them even Mr.Hamidi, who all focused their attention and emphasized on drawing,
sketching and getting to know nature

I am quite sure now that without the knowledge and skills we picked up under their supervision

we would not have understood what modern art is at all

The freshman year was all about charcoal drawing

We started drawing antique sculptures first, and then moved on to drawing real body figures

Now this was actually another area which could not follow Beaux’s curriculum directly

because of the issues there were regarding the exposure of naked body

so as the result, they were always covered around the private parts

I would also like to refer to the memories I have of those four years at that school here

because there are a lot of real nice memories that I would just like to bring up, you know?

The three instructors who used to run the art studios
in our school had all had different experiences regarding art in general

Mr.Heydarian and Mr.Javadipour were sort of on the same page so to speak.

Mr.Javadipour was a graduate of our school who had continued his studies in Germany

and seen the modern world and so was aware of some of the particular elements of it

yet had this very conservative approach because of Mr.Heydarian
and as the result they were sort of on the same page

Mr.Javad Hamidi was a graduate of Andre Lhote the French cubist’s art studio in Paris

and had a real modern mind and therefore in his classes there wasn’t
the kind of emphasis on Realism as there was in Mr.Heydarian’s

He did not focus that much on the details either.

He did not focus that much on the details either.
We were always curious about his classes
and really wanted to sneak in to find out what was going on

We were always curious about his classes
and really wanted to sneak in to find out what was going on

you know, and in fact, every now and then
we would actually pay a visit to Mr.Hamidi in his classes

and he was always kind enough to us and had all these great modern talks that would actually
compensate for the strict rules there was in our own studio

Mrs.Behjat Sadr was a Modernist who had studied in Italy
and her classes and Mr.Hamidi’s were really different from ours

I can remember it was during the senior year
and there were only six months left to our graduation

I can remember it was during the senior year
and there were only six months left to our graduation
when we had a new instructor who was also a graduate of our school

when we had a new instructor who was also a graduate of our school

and had continued his studies in Italy Mr.Mohsen Vazirimoghadam.

Fortunately we had the chance of being his first group of students

and I seriously believe that these six months that Mr.Vazirimoghadam was teaching us

had the benefit of studying for ten years for us all really

He opened our minds and brought a different atmosphere and vibe with him

It was all about the present time, and very new and modern approaches to everything

He would bring art books to class and we would discuss and swap ideas about them

work a lot and would cover all the walls in our class with our drawings,
but we should always be careful Mr.Heydarian didn’t find out about that

work a lot and would cover all the walls in our class with our drawings,
but we should always be careful Mr.Heydarian didn’t find out about that
because we would all be expelled by him if he did actually

because we would all be expelled by him if he did actually

Mr.Javadipour had a much more open-minded attitude towards
it all and we were in the same boat about those things with him so to speak

but not at all with Mr.Heydarian

So we had to do it all in secret
which in fact only made it turn much more interesting as the result

doing it all in secret I mean.

In the end, I would like to say something I have always said about Mr.Vazirimoghadam

because I think what he did for Iran’s contemporary art
was to bring clarity to what Modernism is and how one should even see the world really.

I learned so much from him
and fortunately had the chance to continue working a lot with him after graduation too.

This was the very brief version of what happened during
my four years at Tehran university school of fine arts

Part 02


After I got graduated from college
my first attempts were made to work exactly like a three or four-year-old child.

I used to work with children before that for years and therefore

I knew how they felt and also about their deductions over things in nature

I knew how they felt and also about their deductions over things in nature
like fruits and trees and the sky, etc

like fruits and trees and the sky, etc

I would try to put myself in a four or five-year-old child’s shoes and try to see the world

and try to paint and use colors like them.

I was also simultaneously following up on Paul Klee’s works at the time

You know Paul Klee was a Swiss painter
and philosopher who also tried to work like children

and I think he managed to make it happen in a very strong and philosophic way

despite the fact about what he mentions in his book that he does not think
he has been able to pull it off very properly

Later on, I started trying to progress and made an effort to use the knowledge

Later on, I started trying to progress and made an effort to use the knowledge
I had gathered from my studying time
at college and try to put it all into practice in terms of composition

I had gathered from my studying time
at college and try to put it all into practice in terms of composition

color, forms, filled and blank spaces, rhythm, motion and also texture

I also made another effort to alter them as well

Here was the beginning of my tampering with the initial child-like approach

I mean I began to be more me

or on second thought I think I little by little started to hone my own craft

and harness my own particular kind of signature so to speak by practicing more

and harness my own particular kind of signature so to speak by practicing more
It was then that the white color got to become dominant in my works

It was then that the white color got to become dominant in my works

I mean, I had to make this decision to go for it
as the dominant color surface of my works as much as possible

and I had no other tool for it but white paint

so I remember I began to bring this change even to my already finished
and signed-up pieces as wel

and started putting more
and more white paint over on top until colors started fading away

and there were just some bits
and pieces left to remain like a set of stains all across the canvas

Burgez gallery had set up a contest on mother’s day back then

and all the enthusiastic artists had been invited to provide the event with their works

and compete over winning the first prize

This opportunity was really intriguing for a young artist
like me who had just entered the society

So, I decided to send one of my initial “childhood-inspired”
works over to the competition

but in the end the thought of that experience was not very compelling

and I finally changed my mind

yet at the same time it made me feel much more motivated to do something about it

I remember one day I was in my work room thinking of what to
finally send over to the competition

I remember one day I was in my work room thinking of what to
finally send over to the competition
and suddenly my wife called me over to the phone
There was someone on it wanting to speak to me

and suddenly my wife called me over to the phone
There was someone on it wanting to speak to me

so I remember I left this wet canvas I was working on leaning right
on the corner of my work desk to go answer the phone

When I came back

I saw that the light from the ceiling was flashing on it and also

because I had left it leaning there

the sharp corner of my desk was protruding out from the other side of the canvas

and had caused for this three dimensional abstract form

with the flashing light from the ceiling on

which I was immediately mesmerized by

and quickly came up with the idea to actually try

and implement this on the mother day’s work I was going to present

I had prepared two different sketches by then

One was based on my initial years of working

and the other a real simple piece which I had decided to only cover in grey color

What happened gave me the idea to try and give my grey piece a three-dimensional
protruding shape inspired by the work desk incident

The best shapes I needed for it were circles

One for the mother’s head, and another for the child’s

So I figured I would fix these two circles on the back of it
to make the canvas come out from the other side

causing for it to get a three-dimensional shape

I immediately started thinking of the kitchen and a pair of our plastic plates

one bigger than the other

I then put the bigger plate behind the mother’s head
and the smaller one behind the baby’s

and then flashed light on it

The excitement I received from that first glance
I took at it was so overwhelming for me that believe it

or not is still with me to this day after fifty years

Even now, every time I start working on one of my new, white, three-dimensional pieces

believe me when I tell you that the level of excitement
would still be exactly the same amount as the first time

I can even say that I have totally become obsessed with this idea

and can’t possibly think of letting it go!

In the end my mother’s day work actually won the first prize in the contest

In fact with all the encouragement I received following up on that success

In fact with all the encouragement I received following up on that success
I was totally convinced to keep it up

I was totally convinced to keep it up

I was totally convinced to keep it up
and my first exhibition was actually solely based on my white three-dimensional works.

and my first exhibition was actually solely based on my white three-dimensional works.

Part 03


There is an early period in my career called the gravestones

It happened during my visits to some cities in Iran
like Dizful and Andimeshk in the southern parts of the country

We visited the graveyards in those cities

and each one of them had the power to make us fall completely in love
with the level of mesmerizing attraction they all had to offer

The type of beauty brought on by as a result of some special sort of simplicity
which is a part of their overall character

not necessarily holding a certain shape or a particular form

There are also different carvings on the surface of them, like mountains, name of the deceased

and on top of the writings there are spaces left for chiseling signs on to indicate
the role the departed had in town before they passed

For instance, say the deceased was a local hero, then you could see carved up
traditional Zoorkhaneh (Old-school Iranian war training pit.) 

working out tools chiseled out all across on that area

working out tools chiseled out all across on that area
Or the person might have been for example a tailor
so you could see for instance in this case carved up scissors there

Or the person might have been for example a tailor
so you could see for instance in this case carved up scissors there

I must confess I made direct copies out of them
and then started working on those copies with pastel

I would study and sterilize them, and the prize I won in the fifth biannual
which was a scholarship to continue my studies in Italy

was actually based on one of my works on one of those copies I just mentioned

I got some abstract works as well based on roots of trees only

And you can see the roots spreading all across the canvas on these pieces
and in some places the they manifest as trees

I also did a lot of sketching with pen and charcoal

During the eight years of war I was in Iran, and in fact I am very happy to have been here

I am happy I stayed and did not leave because my presence here
during that time led to the creation of some of my works I am really proud of today

During those eight years I did not even do a single piece of serious painting

I just did a lot of sketching

I would paint only in my mind

Until the year 1987 when there was still a year left for the war to finish

and metaphorically speaking it seemed as if I had been stuck till then like an arrow in a bow

and then I was suddenly released so to speak
It was like a huge supply of inspiration that suddenly wanted to emerge!

And as the result, I started doing a series of works right in a row one after the other

I really must tell you now that for a person like me
who would usually spend a long time on a single piece of work

with the kind of tendency to keep revisiting his piece over
and over again trying to get the best out of it

with the kind of tendency to keep revisiting his piece over
and over again trying to get the best out of it
thinking seriously about how it should be, even try to come up with a procedure
before starting something up, with a lot of discipline

thinking seriously about how it should be, even try to come up with a procedure
before starting something up, with a lot of discipline

really meticulous, with having a background idea already locked
and loaded before getting started

For the kind of person I just described

the series of works I made starting a year before the end of war
was exactly poles apart different from my usual way of approach

Because, as I mentioned earlier
they just started pouring out! I mean with no background plan or discipline

or a certain set of procedure or a way of approach
they were just nonstop! Literally ceaseless!

I can refer to bakers working together in a traditional Iranian Taftoon
(name of a traditional Iranian bread.) bakery as a relevant example

The way each one of them takes care of a single step dividing it up between them
and in less than a minute your bread is ready to go!

I would work exactly with the same pace!

And then in 1988 Karteh Gallery on Vozara street was the first gallery
opening up after the war all based on my works

going by the title “death”

After that, I put up two more exhibitions which were both still influenced by social issues

I mean I can say the only two stages in my career which
one could find my focus zoomed on social

and political issues are these two

happening between the years 1989 and 1990

They were both held in Golestan Gallery

If experts were to comment on these

I’m sure they would find out about the fact that figures can still be seen in them

but they are gradually fading into abstract concepts

I used different textures and gained some new experiences in collages

I must say that the collection of works I made altogether for “death”

and the other two following exhibitions have been without
a doubt among my most invaluable art life experiences

One day some of my friends and I decided to take a trip to Kashan (a city in Iran)
to pay a visit to Sohrab Sepehri’s (a famous poet and painter in Iran) tomb

which to this day, It is still a memorable journey for me!

Anyways, after visiting the tomb,
we decided to also pay another visit to Abyaneh (a town near Kashan)

Well, I had visited this town years before,
but this time the town looked very different to me

because this time I was visiting it after all those projects and experiences

and this time I was really amazed by the beauty of it

I was so profoundly influenced by that visit, that one of my dear friends Mr.Kalantari

rest in peace had told something to others about me and I quote

” We seem to have lost him somewhere along
the road in the wonders this beautiful old town has to offer!”

and I was truly lost in my amazement there

cause for instance I would suddenly fall head over heels in love with, I don’t know

a small village house door or a window for example

with its own unique type of local architecture

or the kind of view it provided over the roof tops

with the color the soil has there
all had created this fascinating atmosphere to experience

I actually brought some of that soil with me back to Tehran

and this time decided to use it as my base material in some new projects

I had made the color of soil and used it a lot for variety of the subjects I had worked on

From the white three-dimensional ones to the abstract pieces

but had never used the actual soil itself as my main substance before that

After those two exhibitions I mentioned earlier both held in Golestan Gallery

in the year 1994, if memory serves
I made a comeback to the same gallery

and this time I presented some of my new works based on clay

which were directly influenced by Iran’s desert architecture and especially Abyaneh’s

The works were all abstract and had taken no certain forms
or copies out of the actual architectural style to them

but there were signs and iconic symbols indicating Iranian desert architecture in them all

I would like to focus my attention now on calligraphy

and two of its most important elements

which are rhythm and motion

and the fact that these are the main reasons why our calligraphy can inspire painting

This can’t have anything to do with literature

because from the moment what one paints can be read and has a meaning to it

that would then be considered calligraphy and not painting

And since it was a significant subject to work on

I finally decided to give it a try myself

In fact my starting to work on calligraphy-painting coincided with the time

I was also working on my mother’s day contest piece

I named what I did abstract calligraphy
because it is all based on nothing but the rhythm and motion

In this style, the first glance the audience takes from
the distance puts the idea of calligraphy in their mind

but getting close enough to them reveal the fact that none of them really are

My most recent performance was in Toronto last year in May

where I presented my latest versions of white three-dimensional pieces

And I think I like these last pieces much more than the rest of what I have made

in general regarding my passion for making three-dimensional spaces

except for a few of my old works the new series is my most favorite

Because the new ones refer to the general state of how I feel now

and my present experiences, and also the views
I have over matters in general nowadays

especially over the issue of immigration, which can be clearly seen on them

Part 04

1
00:00:31,560 –> 00:00:39,120
When I was two or three years old I had an aunt who was seven to eight years older than I was

2
00:00:39,120 –> 00:00:42,160
I can remember one day she was holding me in her arms

3
00:00:43,040 –> 00:00:48,200
standing on our terrace with seven to eight stairs down to the yard of my parents’ old house

4
00:00:48,600 –> 00:00:52,840
And we used to have a cleaning lady coming over and clean the house for us

5
00:00:53,320 –> 00:00:55,800
I can remember in the yard that day there was also a big boiling samovar for tea

6
00:00:56,280 –> 00:00:59,680
and the cleaning lady was washing the clothes when suddenly my aunt lost balance

7
00:01:00,480 –> 00:01:05,840
and we both fell down rolling down those stairs

8
00:01:07,560 –> 00:01:19,640
I ended up right under that boiling samovar’s tap and the hot water burned a part of my face

9
00:01:20,440 –> 00:01:30,880
The first and only thing I always remember from that day is my head wrapped up in bandages

10
00:01:31,560 –> 00:01:45,120
I actually got a piece of my three-dimensional works showing up just
a head wrapped up in bandages inspired by that day’s memory

11
00:01:45,480 –> 00:01:55,800
Many of my works have been inspired by events
and memories throughout my life

12
00:01:56,200 –> 00:02:05,800
and in a lot of others one could also see
my passionate love for local Iranian architecture and the desert

13
00:02:06,560 –> 00:02:09,680
It all actually goes back to the time I used to run around in the mud and dirt

14
00:02:09,680 –> 00:02:13,560
wandering in places like Imamzdehs
(tombs believed by religious people in Iran belonging to an Imam’s descendant.)

15
00:02:13,920 –> 00:02:18,880
And I would fill up one sketchbook after the next of all those walls and shrines there

16
00:02:18,880 –> 00:02:21,000
and the remains of old historic buildings

17
00:02:21,520 –> 00:02:27,640
Then suddenly in another stage in my career clay mud shows up
and gets to become the main basic material I start using

18
00:02:28,320 –> 00:02:33,560
In fact, the use of clay went on progressing up to a level that
I would sometimes even spread and cover the whole canvas in it

19
00:02:34,720 –> 00:02:39,440
I am certainly confident it was all because of the love I have always had for clay

20
00:02:39,800 –> 00:02:46,480
and of course the desert
with all those tile works and inscriptions

21
00:02:47,160 –> 00:02:55,320
Or in Qom during Moharam time
those colorful religious banners I saw when I was a kid

22
00:02:55,320 –> 00:03:02,560
they have all been visually recorded here in my mind and finally one day start coming out

23
00:03:02,560 –> 00:03:07,880
either in their original, or altered forms

24
00:03:20,680 –> 00:03:24,720
If we hypothetically speaking refer to an artist’s mind as a “storage room”

25
00:03:25,600 –> 00:03:30,600
during their creation time, then this particular “storage room”

26
00:03:30,720 –> 00:03:35,400
so to speak, is filled with mind-related elements like the artist’s unconscious
their childhood memories

27
00:03:35,400 –> 00:03:35,440
so to speak, is filled with mind-related elements like the artist’s unconscious
their childhood memories
even prior to that their prenatal stage and also the moment of birth memories

28
00:03:35,440 –> 00:03:37,640
even prior to that their prenatal stage and also the moment of birth memories

29
00:03:37,640 –> 00:03:41,640
in fact, art creation is related to how all these elements come together

30
00:03:41,760 –> 00:03:45,760
and finally manifest themselves in one particular artwork

31
00:03:46,400 –> 00:03:49,440
to which I think childhood memories play the biggest role.

32
00:03:59,960 –> 00:04:12,080
In a lot of cases I would just start working on a piece without having
any initial assumption or a particular idea for that matter

33
00:04:12,920 –> 00:04:17,920
This especially happens every time I would be working with clay

34
00:04:18,520 –> 00:04:25,120
I would have no idea regarding what its basic structure would be like

35
00:04:25,960 –> 00:04:32,960
and would just dip the painting spatula in the mud
and put on my first strike right on the canvas

36
00:04:35,080 –> 00:04:42,360
The first strike then guides me towards the second
and the second towards the next, until the end

37
00:04:44,480 –> 00:04:49,440
It is in a way like the path itself starts giving the directions

38
00:04:51,680 –> 00:04:56,560
In fact, I get the biggest amount of fulfillment in art from these projects

39
00:04:56,960 –> 00:05:06,320
in which I would just start working on a piece without
any preparations or pre-assumptions beforehand whatsoever

40
00:05:08,360 –> 00:05:16,600
Little by little the work itself starts developing,
one line or paint stain next to the other, it goes on

41
00:05:16,600 –> 00:05:21,360
and here is also where all my artistic knowledge

42
00:05:21,360 –> 00:05:23,720
and overall understanding of art in general

43
00:05:23,720 –> 00:05:27,840
and all my academic background start coming really handy for me

44
00:05:28,120 –> 00:05:32,360
Here is where I actually start controlling and as the result creating

45
00:05:32,360 –> 00:05:41,320
In a lot of other cases I would basically have the initial idea

46
00:05:42,920 –> 00:05:47,880
or even a primitive sketch as to how things should start from the get go

47
00:05:47,880 –> 00:05:47,920
or even a primitive sketch as to how things should start from the get go
I would even determine what certain materials I am going to be using

48
00:05:47,920 –> 00:05:52,600
I would even determine what certain materials I am going to be using

49
00:05:54,400 –> 00:05:59,520
Here is when I start coming up with the actual initial sketch

50
00:05:59,800 –> 00:06:07,880
but as I proceed, it starts changing, because my mind is constantly going through a change

51
00:06:08,360 –> 00:06:14,840
and here is where all my past memories and all the other factors
I mentioned earlier would start to unconsciously meddle

52
00:06:15,320 –> 00:06:18,200
and come to play so to speak, and in the end

53
00:06:18,200 –> 00:06:20,760
I usually witness for the final result to be totally different from its starting point

54
00:06:21,520 –> 00:06:29,040
These are in fact actually the real joyful moments for an artist like me to have the chance

55
00:06:29,920 –> 00:06:39,720
to start appreciating the path it all takes from where it all gets started,
to the final point where it all ends up

56
00:06:55,960 –> 00:07:01,480
I always start a new project with a lot of interest and optimism

57
00:07:01,840 –> 00:07:08,720
and never think of it to go wrong, or have the fear of messing it up

58
00:07:09,720 –> 00:07:16,320
but throughout the process itself, there are places for each

59
00:07:16,320 –> 00:07:16,400
but throughout the process itself, there are places for each
and every artist working on a piece where they would start feeling like
“all right, this isn’t going anywhere!”

60
00:07:16,400 –> 00:07:22,800
and every artist working on a piece where they would start feeling like
“all right, this isn’t going anywhere!”

61
00:07:22,800 –> 00:07:26,320
The whole project seems to have come to a state of halt

62
00:07:26,840 –> 00:07:28,440
sort of like a dead end

63
00:07:28,440 –> 00:07:38,240
Well, unfortunately this time I would have to say that it is a bad moment for any artist

64
00:07:38,840 –> 00:07:42,400
And in fact, It is at times like this, when I would put aside my tools

65
00:07:42,400 –> 00:07:42,480
And in fact, It is at times like this, when I would put aside my tools
and actually stay away from that particular piece for a while and go do something else

66
00:07:42,480 –> 00:07:45,240
and actually stay away from that particular piece for a while and go do something else

67
00:07:45,240 –> 00:07:49,480
like I would listen to music or read something, etc

68
00:07:49,560 –> 00:07:55,800
What is so special about this break you take is the fact that your mind

69
00:07:55,800 –> 00:07:56,160
What is so special about this break you take is the fact that your mind
would actually be developing itself by going through processing

70
00:07:56,160 –> 00:08:00,560
would actually be developing itself by going through processing

71
00:08:00,560 –> 00:08:01,080
would actually be developing itself by going through processing
some new DATA it receives through the five senses

72
00:08:01,080 –> 00:08:05,960
some new DATA it receives through the five senses

73
00:08:08,080 –> 00:08:17,840
New things you see, read, or listen to,
or hear, would all come into play in order for the mind to develop itself

74
00:08:17,840 –> 00:08:26,120
and truly every time I have done this, it has almost always worked like a charm for me!

75
00:08:27,840 –> 00:08:37,960
You come back after a while and you will know what to do next

76
00:08:38,120 –> 00:08:45,200
I even ask my students to do it, like I would ask them to go and get some fresh air

77
00:08:46,200 –> 00:08:54,720
or catch up with their friends, or get some refreshments like a cup of tea or something

78
00:08:55,000 –> 00:09:05,000
and ask them to take a break from it for a while,
tell them by the time you come back

79
00:09:05,200 –> 00:09:11,560
you will know what the problem is and what a good solution for it would be

80
00:09:26,320 –> 00:09:34,640
I always ask my students to sign off a work as soon as
they reached a certain level of relief

81
00:09:35,080 –> 00:09:41,360
and appreciation or by the time they felt like they are not going to work on them anymore

82
00:09:44,280 –> 00:09:52,320
Because those particular works’ artistic value actually lies only upon
the level of satisfaction their artists get from them

83
00:09:53,200 –> 00:10:00,520
And this feeling of consent by itself relies on several factors to begin with

84
00:10:01,400 –> 00:10:08,360
Take two separate individuals, one with no knowledge or
experience in the field of art or painting at all in general

85
00:10:09,960 –> 00:10:12,960
and the other one a real sophisticated artist

86
00:10:13,520 –> 00:10:17,840
It will surely take a lot more time
and effort for the sophisticated one to reach this level of certainty

87
00:10:19,440 –> 00:10:28,640
because for them the work should be thoroughly examined
and revised and revisited over and over again

88
00:10:28,640 –> 00:10:35,080
until that particular state of peace of mind is achieved

89
00:10:35,760 –> 00:10:43,200
and once again I got to say that achieving such a state depends on nothing

90
00:10:43,360 –> 00:10:51,520
but the artist’s overall level of knowledge regarding art in general

 

Part 05

1
00:00:29,160 –> 00:00:35,080
As far as I remember I started up my career by making modern and minimalistic pieces

2
00:00:35,400 –> 00:00:41,760
and my efforts have always been made towards avoiding expressions of tradition

3
00:00:42,640 –> 00:00:51,200
Because I believe that tradition as I have mentioned before runs in the depths
and does not exist on the surface

4
00:00:53,680 –> 00:01:04,560
So, whoever plans to dabble in this area,
I mean brushing traditions up and giving them a fresh

5
00:01:04,560 –> 00:01:10,040
and up to date kind of a looks ought to be a real qualified and knowledgeable scholar

6
00:01:10,360 –> 00:01:18,320
a real expert who knows a lot about art language in the past and today

7
00:01:20,280 –> 00:01:28,560
so as to be able to look at traditions this way and make new phenomenon out of them

8
00:01:29,640 –> 00:01:38,960
I do not claim that I have been able to do this
but have made my efforts towards this direction

9
00:01:40,400 –> 00:01:51,400
In my works, even among my three-dimensional pieces which are modern and abstract

10
00:01:51,720 –> 00:01:59,960
yet still one could clearly trace back the motivation behind creating them to be nothing

11
00:02:00,440 –> 00:02:05,760
but the reflections of my own views and thoughts towards Iranian culture and history

12
00:02:06,040 –> 00:02:11,840
and especially towards Iranian ethnic architecture which I have always followed
and loved passionately all my life

13
00:02:11,840 –> 00:02:25,600
My series of works with clay after the revolution are good examples of this burning
passion of mine for the desert and its architecture

14
00:02:35,760 –> 00:02:40,640
Speaking of using clay as basic material
every time I cover the surface of a canvas in it

15
00:02:40,960 –> 00:02:46,320
and know the kinds of cracks and control different types of them and their places

16
00:02:46,320 –> 00:02:48,040
and shapes on the surface and finally flash light on it in the end

17
00:02:48,760 –> 00:02:52,560
and take a look at the dessert-inspired texture I’ve made from distance

18
00:02:52,960 –> 00:03:02,000
I would tell myself that you know what,
it is true that I am not into movements like Saghaa Khaaneh
(they used to be put up on the corners of doorways
and alley ways in towns for saying prayers and traditionally lighting up candles afterwards.)

19
00:03:02,000 –> 00:03:11,800
and I am not for the use of Islam as a part of what makes my Iranian identity

20
00:03:11,800 –> 00:03:16,600
but this soil and this dessert, this clay and its architecture have always been with me

21
00:03:17,600 –> 00:03:27,960
running in my veins since childhood
and the fact that how it is manifesting itself in my works today

22
00:03:28,240 –> 00:03:36,880
The cracks on the surface of the desert actually uphold a deep humanitarian
and philosophical meaning for me

23
00:03:36,880 –> 00:03:49,920
In fact I have always brought it up in my interviews that these cracks represent
the thirst of my nation throughout the history of our country

24
00:03:50,520 –> 00:03:52,640
This for me is definitely something of iconic and symbolic value

25
00:03:53,440 –> 00:04:00,480
I have even given it a literally angle and say

26
00:04:00,480 –> 00:04:08,160
I can even hear the voice of my nation’s thirst from within these cracks

27
00:04:08,880 –> 00:04:13,480
I really can! Well, therefore, I believe this is definitely nothing but my identity as an Iranian

28
00:04:27,120 –> 00:04:37,920
In both of his reviews over my white three-dimensional works
Dr. Mohammed Amin Mirfendereski

29
00:04:38,640 –> 00:04:45,120
rest in peace refers to them all “spacialism” rooted from the term space

30
00:04:45,440 –> 00:04:54,120
The reason why he went for such a term was
because of the fact that they are all about creating space

31
00:04:54,120 –> 00:05:00,160
He also mentions that I have even been able to
give it the presence of the fourth dimension or time

32
00:05:00,160 –> 00:05:10,120
Because if we put a spinning source of light and let it start orbiting around these pieces

33
00:05:11,920 –> 00:05:21,480
over time the source of light would be flashing on them from different angles round the circle

34
00:05:22,280 –> 00:05:26,640
and therefore creates new looks as it keeps going round and round

35
00:05:26,640 –> 00:05:32,480
Reflections from objects or people standing in front of those works also tampers with the looks
and changes the nature of the pieces

36
00:05:32,480 –> 00:05:41,200
for instance if for example a lady wearing a red dress stands in front of one of these pieces

37
00:05:41,200 –> 00:05:47,080
the reflections from her on the work’s surface would definitely bring

38
00:05:47,080 –> 00:05:55,720
some new changes to the overall combination through time

39
00:05:56,200 –> 00:06:00,200
and also in the eyes of the audience looking at it

40
00:06:00,680 –> 00:06:04,600
In fact, this is the philosophy I hold for my works, which is based on light

41
00:06:05,040 –> 00:06:06,960
because in the dark my works have nothing to present

42
00:06:07,360 –> 00:06:11,200
there must be light, shining over on them to give them life so to speak

43
00:06:11,200 –> 00:06:12,360
and also the meaning I plan to achieve for them

44
00:06:12,360 –> 00:06:12,400
and also the meaning I plan to achieve for them
This meaning I just brought up reminds me of a saying in Farsi that says

45
00:06:12,400 –> 00:06:14,080
This meaning I just brought up reminds me of a saying in Farsi that says

46
00:06:14,080 –> 00:06:16,800
“Whoever has chosen me as their friend in life,
done it based on the particular impression they got from me

 

Part 06


There’s something in common among all artists, and in my case painters

and it is the fact that they would all naturally like for their works to be seen

In another word they would like to communicate with their audience

Here we can metaphorically picture a triangle regarding the artist-audience communication

which consists of the artist, their artworks, and their audience

Now if we try analyzing this triangle,

we would see that a genuine artist does their share of the deal by
working on their pieces and then exhibiting them in galleries

we would see that a genuine artist does their share of the deal by
working on their pieces and then exhibiting them in galleries
with no intention of having their focus on the amount of sale they would be making
or the number of audience to increase

with no intention of having their focus on the amount of sale they would be making
or the number of audience to increase

They just present what they have been passionately working on and it is like by doing so
they are actually bringing up the topics they would like to discuss about

and these topics must be heard and responded by no one else but their audience

otherwise this triangle would not be really functional

Now let’s talk about the time when an artwork is being exhibited in a gallery, shall we?

Well, the fact of the matter is that there are actually
two different scenarios possible for such a case

Either the audience knows about the language of painting and art in general today

and of course, the art language with which this particular artist is communicating, or they don’t

If they do, then everything would be falling into the right place

Because both the artist and their audience would have played their parts properly

Because both the artist and their audience would have played their parts properly
The artist has presented the society with their work

The artist has presented the society with their work

and the audience has felt and received and understood the topic they are bringing up

and the audience has felt and received and understood the topic they are bringing up
Of course it could be in the form of their approval or the other way round, it does not matter

Of course it could be in the form of their approval or the other way round, it does not matter

The point is, in both cases the audience would be leaving the event providing the society

and art in general with the right kind of feedbacks

Now what happens if they don’t?

his is actually the major issue our country has been faced
with for the last ninety three years of painting history in Iran

Unfortunately this implies the fact that the audience here in our country
neither knows anything about art language in general

nor the one spoken today

Artists speak their own particular languages through their works

For instance, my works are the language I speak in

one should know about this language first in order to be able to establish a contact

Only then they would be able to start extracting the contents of an artist’s mind
from within all those lines and colors and forms they put on display

Throughout history, artists have never had this duty to stand
right beside their works and explain about them

Throughout history, artists have never had this duty to stand
right beside their works and explain about them
Actually as I mentioned earlier by the time they finish and start exhibiting their works

Actually as I mentioned earlier by the time they finish and start exhibiting their works

Actually as I mentioned earlier by the time they finish and start exhibiting their works
all the explanation is already there

all the explanation is already there

all the explanation is already there
and that is in fact the reason why they are being
exposed to the audience in the first place, cause they are ready

and that is in fact the reason why they are being
exposed to the audience in the first place, cause they are ready

and that is in fact the reason why they are being
exposed to the audience in the first place, cause they are ready
Some artists might not even show up during the first night of their exhibition,

Some artists might not even show up during the first night of their exhibition,

some even not at all, and their reasoning is that they believe
their parts have already been taken care of

and if the audience was into communicating,
they would simply come over to visit the event.

Now providing the audience with the right kind of information
and language is what the government is expected to be in charge of

and also the art centers and the media
and the press are all in charge for this goal to be achieved

Also college lecturers throughout the country are all expected to cooperate towards this
and teach people these languages

Unfortunately if not, both the artist and their audience would feel disappointed
by the time they would be leaving the event

There is no doubt about that

part 07


We can refer to a metaphorical triangle to explain the process of creation in art

in which the artist’s perception of their world around would be the angle on top

Now this perception is either visual, which in the case of a painter contains most of what it is

and of course the remaining other senses which are all involved
to help receiving data from their surroundings wherever they are.

This would result in the artist’s overall understanding of their world around in general

Now all this perception eventually moves towards second angle

which I would like to refer to as the artist’s mind’s storage room so to speak

where all this data is finally analyzed and kept

I also always make the example of a chest box which is filled with a lot of stuff

things like the artist’s conscious and unconscious sides of mind

wishes and dreams, the subject of divinity, knowledge and information, etc

Let’s say the artist sees a stem of red rose, which is the artist’s perception

Then it moves on towards the second angle to get analyzed

Here there are also some other particular elements , like memories

This flower now becomes influenced by these elements
and gets combined and merged with them all

This memory-influenced stem of rose eventually moves towards
the third angle which is artistic creation

This artistic creation needs a particular set of necessities,

which consists of having the necessary knowledge of drawing
and painting in general or knowing about the basics

the necessary tools of the trade and how to work with them efficiently, techniques, etc

Ok let’s get back to our stem of rose which has already been
merged with the element of memories

It is serving as raw material for the artistic creation zone now

All this process takes place in a moment’s notice

And as soon as this procedure has completely been through

the artist would then finally feel like starting to paint their subject; our red rose

What is in fact happening here is that the artist

What is in fact happening here is that the artist
quite without knowing so, would be painting their own memories too
and not just making a copy of that rose

quite without knowing so, would be painting their own memories too
and not just making a copy of that rose

quite without knowing so, would be painting their own memories too
and not just making a copy of that rose
The presence of memory is not conscious for them,
yet plays this huge role in the whole process

The presence of memory is not conscious for them,
yet plays this huge role in the whole process

You see, this newly painted stem of rose, which is totally influenced by their memories

would finally take up a particular looks to it on the canvas

would finally take up a particular looks to it on the canvas
hich might even be poles apart different from what the real rose looked like.

hich might even be poles apart different from what the real rose looked like.

If this particular memory is a happy one

for instance memory of someone’s first love
and the first stem of rose they gave to their loved ones

then this rose would be painted so alive and cheerful, with real lively colors

On the other hand if the memory is god forbid of tragic sort

then again it would all influence the whole process towards gloominess and despair this time

Here is exactly the place where some particular audience would start asking the artist

for the reason why what they have painted does not look at all like the real subject

The reason actually lies on the fact that the audience have not been properly informed
about the whole process artistic creation goes through

This process, which I believe is fundamentally based on what artists come across

and get intrigued by, is in fact some sort of inspiration

which exclusively happens to the knowledgeable,
honest and friendly types of artists, period!

An artist who would really commit to what they see
and got the necessary skills of course to put them all under the influence

of their mental potentials and their talents to finally quite
unconsciously end up creating a work of art in the end

Artistic creation is always based on feelings and emotions and also on logic

In fact, artists are contained with these elements
and can’t break free from any of them at all

Now there are certain areas where feelings outweigh logic,
yet even in these cases

these feelings have already been learned and turned logical
in the mind of the artist some time before

In fact, they have already got some sort of logic to them

which have been embodied in sort of like an emotional exterior so to speak

These are actually referred to as the artist’s improvisations

Now if an artist is really a knowledgeable and experienced one

hese improvisations would all be about
feelings which have been totally combined with logic

and therefore are now really conscious,
and yet have got this emotional angle to them all at the same time

Part 08


I can remember during the fifties in Iran some galleries would wrongly

and not knowingly exhibit some direct copies out of some particular works

and then would present them as modern painting to society.

Well, I can remeber one day I was in Mes gallery whose owner was a good friend of mine Mr.Darya Beygi

Well, I can remeber one day I was in Mes gallery whose owner was a good friend of mine Mr.Darya Beygi
who is a good artist and also a painter

who is a good artist and also a painter

There was an exhibition there and a new-coming young artist’s works had been put on display

We had all gone there for the exhibition. There was me, Marco Gregorian
and Morteza Momayez rest in peace

and I think Mr. Arabshahi was there too along with Sirak Melkonian

We were all sitting and talking and
I remember my friend Marco was really angry with those galleries wrongly introducing “modern art”

He then actually suggested we all did something about it and made up a team

and started introducing real modern art to society in fundamentally correct levels

In the end we came to the conclusion that in fact the group should make efforts to introduce

and provide society with the latest aspects of modern art

This agreement later on led to
the arrangements of several other meetings in which we regulated a set of ground rules

In fact this group is actually the only official group in the history of Iran’s painting.

Later on we introduced our set of ground rules to the ministry of art

and culture and got the confirmation and permit to go on with our project

Our main goals were to first discover, support and protect talented young artists

and second to publish books and catalogues for their exhibitions

We also decided to establish a contact with the world of art outside of Iran in international levels

and start to exchange artists with famous galleries
in order to help create an artistic swap of opinions between our country and the rest of the world.

Generally speaking, it was all intended so as to try to
inject a new blood into Iran’s contemporary art to develop and improve it.

In fact, our first exhibition got coincided with the world’s international art exhibition

where Iranian and French artists had this joint project.

heir galleries sent over their bests, and ours also did the same

and little by little it turned into a real big project after all

Because we were taking part in it for the first time as an official and patented Iranian group

we requested to be provided with a proper place
to participate as a team of freelance painters and sculptors

which was fortunately accepted and we were given a proper amount of space there to exhibit our works in

Mr. Parviz Tanavoli also joined us there as guest artist

Our second exhibition was held in Mes gallery whose owner was Mr. Darya Beigi a member of our own team

In fact, we presented the primary sketches of our next exhibition there at his gallery.

Our third exhibition brought with it the advent of a very important
event in our country’s contemporary painting

which was the introduction of conceptual art

And the team decided to bring up the latest developments happening in it
in the western world to Iran for two reasons

First, because it was a new movement all around the world, and second

because conceptual art is based on the semantics in art so to speak

which actually focuses more on the meaning behind the work than the materiality of it

and the fact that we were faced with a very mediocre version of modern art
here back then all came together and finally made us decide to go for it

All the works exhibited there served only in order to put that purpose into practice

This exhibition was held in Takhte Jamshid gallery

whose director back then was Mr. Changiz Shahvagh rest in peace

Now this one ended up causing a heat of controversy

because it was the first conceptual art exhibition in Iran and we had all presented our works there

Well, as you know conceptual art focuses on concepts which
could be quite unknown or new to society

and people in general and some of it might even get to raise issues

That was exactly what happened to one of Marco Gregorian’s there

His work was inspired by an idiomatic expression in Farsi in order to convey a very strong concept

but because of the nature of the scene it had created the department of culture wouldn’t approve

and finally asked for it to be removed.

We also had some guests over at the event

It was actually a decision our team made to each time invite some other like-minded artists to our exhibitions

which in that particular case our invited guests comprised of:
Mr. Ehsayei, Mr. Bahman Boroujani, Mrs. Monir Farmanfarmayan, and Mr. Changiz Shahvagh.

Our fourth exhibition was held at Iran-America association named “gonjo gostare No.1”

which the English equivalent for it would be, volume and surface No.1

Now that one was definitely the peak of our team’s artistic creation, with very modern

influential yet all at the same time controversial works to offer

Fortunately our team received many, many letters from around the country and also other countries

which meant our voice had carried across the borders as far as countries like Czechoslovakia and Mexico

all really enthusiastic towards taking part in art events here as guest artists cooperating.

Our fifth exhibition was held at Saamaan gallery, called “gonjo gostare No.2″, or ” volume and surface No.2″

which was again about conceptual art, with some interesting events taking place in it

I have to mention one of them here because it is a historic one really.

The guests we invited to our events were
all unanimously picked up by the members of the team before hand

What we did was setting up for meetings right before the events had started

and each member would present the artist or artists they wanted to invite over to the upcoming event

so the team was always aware who the new invited guest artists would be

for instance I would bring up Mr. Sirus Maalek’s name and let the team make the final decision

for instance I would bring up Mr. Sirus Maalek’s name and let the team make the final decision
Anyways, for our fifth exhibition Marco Gregorian brought up
Mr. Hannibal Alkhaas’ name and suggested we had him over as our guest artist

Anyways, for our fifth exhibition Marco Gregorian brought up
Mr. Hannibal Alkhaas’ name and suggested we had him over as our guest artist

Well, Mr. Alkhaas rest in peace was a grade A artist with his own signature of highly influential works

An honorable person really, who did a lot towards the advancement of art in Iran

I myself am actually a big fan of his works

Yet another thing about his character was his sort of unpredictable sarcastic behavior

I remember the team even brought this up in a meeting,
but Marco said he would take full responsibility for it

since they both taught at the same university,
therefore were colleagues who saw each other every day

So we put Marco in charge and paid Mr. Alkhaas regular visits
to make sure whether we were really on the same page artwise

Well later on, on the opening night of the event
I found my friend Marco walking around all furious and very upset!

I asked him about the reason and he very angrily told me to go and check it out myself

so I looked out of the window and saw a pile of bricks
and cast and a shovel lying around on the ground there

Then I asked him what they were doing there,
and he said it was what Mr. Alkhaas had made getting some help from one or two of his students

which he had asked to be brought down!

It was sort of like a pedestal what he made out of those bricks and cast

and put the shovel upside down in that structure with its metal part on top having “Ouch!”

written on it in white cast!

He believed he had purposely aimed that sarcasm towards the group, and had got really furious

Anyways, the next day as he told us the rest of what had happened himself

he walks inside the faculty of fine arts and there he sees Alkhaas is laughing

he walks inside the faculty of fine arts and there he sees Alkhaas is laughing
and having this loud talk with a group of his students at the end of the hall making a lot of noise

and having this loud talk with a group of his students at the end of the hall making a lot of noise

So he walks forward, Alkhaas sees him from the end of the hall

starts waving his hands for Marco, greeting him with loud words “Hey, Marco! How you doin’ man?!”

And he says nothing, walks directly towards the man and gives him two really heavy slaps on the face!!

It took a week for them to settle their argument at the university.

We later on actually blamed our friend Marco for what he’d done too

told him he really shouldn’t have that kind of impulse

cause the exhibition was all about conceptual art
and therefore any artist would have the right to present any concept they liked

even if it was a real bad one

Besides, he had experienced censorship on one of his own installations first hand

The one which had actually been inspired by sort of like a rude idiomatic expression in Farsi

which involved a sieve set up on the canvas with something he’d made and put on top resembling human feces

which involved a sieve set up on the canvas with something he’d made and put on top resembling human feces
cause the expression in Farsi says” someone has defecated on the sieve!”

cause the expression in Farsi says” someone has defecated on the sieve!”

which implies messing things up big time!

Later he admitted he had lost his temper and really shouldn’t have let the things ended up that way

because in reality our friend Marco is a great human being with a good heart really

The main reason he had got that much upset was

The main reason he had got that much upset was
because he had taken full responsibility for everything and it had happened under his watch

because he had taken full responsibility for everything and it had happened under his watch

Another one of our group projects was at the Ball exhibition in Switzerland

which was a big international event

where our team had taken part with many other painters presenting their works

where our team had taken part with many other painters presenting their works
They all managed to grab a lot of attention there

They all managed to grab a lot of attention there

The last exhibition we took part in was Wash Art or Washington international art exhibition

where only the freelance group of sculptors and painters were supposed to have taken part in

We decided to take eight to ten more contemporary artists with us since it was a great experience to miss out on

And it was indeed a memorable and influentially exquisite event to have been a part of really!

It was especially incredible for Americans to see our artists working in such caliber

There’s another memory regarding the Wash Art exhibition which I really feel I should mention here

Morteza Momayez had a piece of work t in which he had hung down a lot of big knives in it from the ceiling

and caused for this terrifying atmosphere which
would convey this horrifying feeling to the audience that any second now

and all those blades might start falling down on them!

It was such a critical piece!

We also made it in the Wash Art exhibition where we used thick nylon ropes and hung them down the ceiling

Anyways, I remember at one point during the opening night which turned out to be a really crowded one too

we suddenly saw a very well-dressed
and tall American man approaching us and he was bleeding down from his head!

Little did we know that those huge spot lights for the event
had produced enough heat to let one of those knives loose

and dropped it right on the poor man’s head!

We immediately sent for an ambulance to take him to a hospital

but the thing I’ll never forget was the American guy’s attitude towards the whole event

cause as he was leaving he came to us and told us not worry

cause he said the concept was the important thing for him
and the fact that he had got it and it’d had its influence on him.

Since day one when we formed our team for the first time till now

the group has been severely and regularly criticized, ridiculed, even hammered at times

Some considered us a group of opportunistic people

seeking to open up new windows of opportunities for ourselves to make money doing what we did

but the truth is there was no profit in it for any of us

Only the fact that we were just clarifying on the subject of Modernism in our country.

There were also some other political issues we got ourselves into back in the days

regarding the critical nature of some of the pieces among our works

I myself for instance had presented an installation in Gonjo Gostare No.1 “Volume

and area No.1 exhibition in Iran-America association called “The footprint”

which on one side shows prison bars and behind that a story is being shown about this lady who is screaming

there is also some light flashing on that side

On the other side I had made a single foot print as the piece itself I named “the foot print.”

I also made knots, and put them on another surface of the piece

On its last surface I’d made this schematic figure of a human head in front of a metal sheet

which had been misconstrued by the Iranian secret service

and given them this notion that I had been trying to imply the king of Iran’s in it

and given them this notion that I had been trying to imply the king of Iran’s in it
It was then picked on by the Savak ,Iranian intelligence service at the time

It was then picked on by the Savak ,Iranian intelligence service at the time

They also picked on Morteza Momayez for his critical set of hung down knives from the ceiling

Anyways the point is, all this friction was little by little getting to become problematic for the team

and had naturally started to get some of the members even worried about their stay

It finally actually resulted in some of the members quitting and leaving the group permanently

Well, in fact, Mr. Morteza Momayez rest in peace who was one of the most influential members of our team

and also our spokesperson

wrote a travelogue after we came back from the Washington art exhibition

and in it he had brought up some issues regarding the team and some of its members

and in it he had brought up some issues regarding the team and some of its members
He had also picked on some other painters outside the group and had brought up their names

He had also picked on some other painters outside the group and had brought up their names

with some criticism thrown in towards them

So, little by little they all sort of got piled up so to speak and finally resulted in his quitting from the team

about which he had said later on that he’d had no idea that his decision
about quitting would result in the total disbandment of the group in the end

Yet one could tell that some other members must have also been waiting for an excuse to do so

Yet one could tell that some other members must have also been waiting for an excuse to do so
because of the concern they had started having after all those friction

because of the concern they had started having after all those friction

because of the concern they had started having after all those friction
and so they gave up one by one after Mr. Momayez did until finally in the early 1978 the team got totally disbanded

and so they gave up one by one after Mr. Momayez did until finally in the early 1978 the team got totally disbanded

The main philosophy of the group which was very influential
in our country’s art society is still with us the remaining ex-members who are left

comprising; me, Mr. Arabshaahi, Siraak Milkonian, and Mr. Daryaabeygi

with whom we have unfortunately lost touch and really all hope he is still alive and well

The rest of the members have unfortunately all passed away

but as I mentioned earlier the philosophy is still here with us to this day unchanged.

Part 09


My dear friend Mr. Tanavoli told me once about a trip he

and a friend of his Mr. Zendeh Roudi took to Shah Abdol-Azim shrine and Shahr-e-Rey in the suburbs of Tehran

He also told me he used to visit these two towns quite oftenly in the past

The reason why I am bringing this trip up now is the fact that an issue he was always faced with was the struggle

to find a way to show Iranian identity in his works, and this trip actually gave them an idea

Well, in the local market place to be exact,
where they had bumped into an old street vender selling these small

really colorful religious posters

The colors were on those posters were so beautiful

and lively that they decided to buy some of those and brought them back to Tehran with them.

After a while when he paid his friend a visit

what he found out was that Hossein Zendeh Roudi had made this strange work all based

and inspired by those posters and had it up on the wall in his house

He had scribbled some writings on the surface of the canvas in very small fonts

and put some religious features like the hand

or the decapitated head of Imam Hossein

and some other symbols

which had overall managed to get a sort of Iranian vibe to it

Parviz Tanavoli on the other hand had another vision in his mind about Iranian ethnic customs

He later on got himself out of this movement and paid a great deal of attention to Iranian literature

and validated Iranian ethnic arts

which we can see them all manifesting in his works up to this day

but Zendeh Roudi followed up on the use of written words and traditional features

and little by little those features started fading out from his latter works and he instead started to use Farsi letters

very efficiently in my opinion, to create some of his art works

After him, other artists like Mr. Ehsayie, Mr. Mafi, and Mr. Framarz Pilaram rest in peace

worked on some more calligraphy-painting pieces

and in fact from within the “Saghaa Khaaneh” movement calligraphy-painting came out

In the early 1961

a group of painters who had their focus on traditional Iranian arts

and had paid a lot of attention to Iranian colors and motifs put together an exhibition

The names of the artists participating in that project comprised of:

Masoud Arab Shahi, Zhazeh Tabatabayei, Naser Oveysi,
Parviz Tanavoli, Hossein Zendeh Roudi, and Sadegh Tabrizi

Mr. Karim Emami who had an art page in Keyhan newspaper back then
and used to publish unbiased art reviews and articles

came and paid this exhibition a visit and came to this conclusion afterwards that there were
a lot of Sagha Khaneh elements traceable in those works

Well, Sagha Khanehs as we know are small prayer spots in some corners
or doorways in some small towns

which I refer to as mini mosques, where people traditionally used to say prayers and light candles there

Anyways, what Karim Emami found out was a lot of those motifs on those works

so he named them Sagha Khaneh works,
which eventually ended up getting to become the actual name for this movement

A lot of people refer to it as a genre which I personally do not agree

because a genre has got to have its own type of description and manifest

It should also have been resulted from an agreement reached

by a group of artists looking into the same kind of artistic vision and philosophy

which would be later on starts having its own followers too

But in the case of these artists, they were not even in touch with each other that much at the time

and even when later on were asked if they saw themselves as members of this movement

none would accept that they were

It was simply just because of the fact that they all accidentally had the same kind of affiliation

and therefore had decided to put together a joint art event

So, you see that is why I would more like to refer to it as a movement, and not a genre

Most members in this group moved around on the surface with their attentions paid to ordinary motifs

but a few of them actually started digging deeper

like Mr. Zendeh Roudi, Tanavoli, and Ghand Riz

who paid a lot of attention to our Iranian ethnic and religious customs and very wisely updated those

They did not repeat them, but updated them

If “Sagha Khaneh” movement had been backboned by a firm manifest

and given a drive by taking a deep good look at all the issues involved with it

it could in my opinion have even turned itself into an international Iranian genre in painting

May be that was the reason why the government supported them a lot back then

because they wanted for the “Sagha Khaneh” movement to be introduced to the world as an Iranian genre

Unfortunately the movement itself did not have that kind of potential to it

and I think the reason was not taking a look at the depths of it in the first place.

and I think the reason was not taking a look at the depths of it in the first place.
I myself am deeply sorry that Iranian art society lost such a great opportunity

I myself am deeply sorry that Iranian art society lost such a great opportunity

to have this movement brought up as an official Iranian genre in the world.